Documentacin para solicitar el ajuste de estatus

Documentacin para solicitar el ajuste de estatus Para solicitar el ajuste de estatus hay que tener una serie de documentos que se han de enviar junto a la peticià ³n. Antes de tramitar el ajuste, asegurarse de poseer toda la documentacià ³n que se pide para todo tipo de solicitantes y tambià ©n la especà ­fica para la categorà ­a dentro de la que cae cada extranjero que pide convertirse en residente permanente mediante este beneficio inmigratorio. Destacar que el ajuste de estatus permite a un migrante presente ya en Estados Unidos cambiar su situacià ³n migratoria y adquirir la condicià ³n de residente permanente y, por tanto, en poseedor de una tarjeta de residencia, conocida como green card. Pero es muy importante conocer quià ©nes lo pueden pedir y quià ©nes no pueden gozar de este beneficio.   En este artà ­culo se informa sobre: documentos que deben presentar todos los solicitantesdocumentos que sà ³lo se presentan segà ºn el caso de cada unodocumentos que debe presentarse sà ³lo si se pide el ajuste de estatus por determinadas categorà ­asquà © hacer con los documentos relativos a posibles faltas y/o delitos Quà © documentos se deben adjuntar con la peticià ³n de ajuste de estatus La peticià ³n de ajuste de estatus debe ir acompaà ±ada de una serie de papelerà ­a de apoyo.   Existen unos requisitos comunes para todo tipo de peticià ³n de ajuste, que son los siguientes. Adems, leer al final del artà ­culo los especà ­ficos para la situacià ³n de cada migrante. Ya que no es lo mismo solicitar el ajuste por, por ejemplo, peticià ³n de esposo que es ciudadano, a pedirlo por asilo.   Formulario de peticià ³n Para solicitar el ajuste de Estatus, la planilla a completar es la I-485. Se puede encontrar gratuitamente de la pgina oficial de Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Utilizar siempre la à ºltima versià ³n, es decir, la que està © en esa pgina justo cuando se realiza la solicitud.   Pago El cheque para el pago debe hacerse a nombre del Department of Homeland Security. El costo actual varà ­a segà ºn las circunstancias de cada solicitante. Asà ­: Menores de 14 aà ±os que solicitan ajuste de estatus con al menos uno de sus padres: $635.Menores de 14 aà ±os que no solicitan con ninguno de sus padres: $985.Entre 14 y 78 aà ±os: $985 ms $85 para datos biomà ©tricos. Total: $107079 o ms aà ±os: $985.Refugiados: nada, ya que es gratuito.Las personas que piden ajuste de estatus para ellas mismas en aplicacià ³n de VAWA por violencia domà ©stica pueden solicitar una waiver para no pagar la tarifa de la solicitud si cumplen una serie de requisitos. Esto tambià ©n aplica a los solicitantes de la Visa T de trfico de personas, por la visa U de violencia, por el registry o por el programa de Inmigrantes Juveniles Especiales (SIJ). Certificado de nacimiento Basta con una copia legible del mismo, pero debe contar con el sello de la autoridad que lo emite y cumplir con una serie de requisitos. Si est en un idioma distinto al inglà ©s, debe ser traducido y acompaà ±ado por una carta de certificacià ³n de la traduccià ³n. Fotografà ­as Dos fotos idà ©nticas tipo pasaporte tomadas en los 30 dà ­as anteriores a enviar la solicitud. Escribir con un lpiz en el reverso el nombre del beneficiado y si tiene un alien registration number, incluirlo. Visas no inmigrantes En los casos en los que una Embajada o consulado americano haya emitido al extranjero una visa no inmigrante en los 365 dà ­as anteriores a enviar la solicitud del ajuste de estatus, incluir en la documentacià ³n la fotocopia legible de la pgina en la que est estampada la visa. Informacià ³n biogrfica Si se tiene entre 14 y 79 aà ±os, completar y adjuntar la planilla G-325 A. Rà ©cord mà ©dico y de vacunas Para ello hay que utilizar la planilla I-693. Estas son las reglas que rigen para el examen mà ©dico para obtener la residencia permanente. Si bien hay excepciones a la obligacià ³n de pasar por un examen mà ©dico. En primer lugar, para los refugiados, para quienes en la mayorà ­a de los casos es suficiente completar la porcià ³n del formulario dedicada a las vacunas. Asimismo, los prometidos de ciudadanos americanos y sus descendientes que han pasado un examen mà ©dico en el à ºltimo aà ±o antes de viajar a Estados Unidos al solicitar una visa K no tienen que presentar otro ms. Bastar con que acrediten las vacunas. Finalmente, tampoco debern someterse a un examen mà ©dico las personas que hayan vivido en Estados Unidos desde enero de 1972 y que està ©n ajustando su estatus por lo que se conoce como el registry. Evidencia de estatus migratorio en Estados Unidos Enviar una copia legible del documento que se conoce como I-94, registro de entrada y de salida. La copia debe ser por ambos lados.   Si se ha ingresado a los Estados Unidos con una tarjeta de cruce, conocida tambià ©n como visa lser, enviar una copia de la misma tambià ©n por los dos lados. Finalmente, si no se tiene ese rà ©cord de registro de entrada y de salida, realmente es el momento de hablar con un abogado ya que en muchas ocasiones, aunque no en todas, esto puede ser el origen de grandes problemas con las autoridades de Inmigracià ³n.   Notificacià ³n de que se ha recibido el paquete   Si se desea, es posible pedirle al USCIS que confirme por sms o por correo electrà ³nico que se ha recibido la peticià ³n para el ajuste de estatus. Para ello, completar la planilla que se conoce como G-1145. Documentos para acompaà ±ar a la peticià ³n de ajuste de estatus, segà ºn la categorà ­a Dependiendo de la razà ³n por la que el solicitante puede pedir el ajuste de estatus se deben incluir ms documentos en el mismo paquete de peticià ³n. A continuacià ³n, los diferentes casos. Las personas que ajustan su estatus por peticià ³n de un familiar Los ciudadanos y los residentes permanentes pueden solicitar a familiares que caen dentro de determinados grados de parentesco. Pero no todos pueden ajustar su estatus y à ©ste es un punto fundamental que debe de ser tenido en cuenta antes de enviar los papeles a Inmigracià ³n. Adems, si se est en una categorà ­a que est sujeta a là ­mites anuales de casos aprobados, verificar el boletà ­n de visas ms reciente para asegurarse de que ya se puede solicitar el ajuste. Si se cumplen todos los requisitos, se debe incluir en la peticià ³n de ajuste de estatus un affidavit of support que tambià ©n se conoce con el nombre de declaracià ³n de sostenimiento. Para ello hay que completar el formulario I-864. Adems, si se trata de una peticià ³n realizada por un ciudadano estadounidense para su cà ³nyuge, padres o hijo soltero menor de 21 aà ±os, incluir el formulario I-130 o, si ya se envià ³ con anterioridad, incluir copia de la carta que se recibià ³ del USCIS con el nombre de I-797 Notice of Action donde se confirma que el I-130 ha sido aprobado. En todos los dems casos por peticià ³n de un familiar enviar copia del I-797 de que el I-130 que se presentà ³ est aprobado y asegurarse de que la fecha de prioridad est al corriente en la categorà ­a que aplica a la persona que se pide. Esto se hace consultando el à ºltimo boletà ­n de visas. Las personas que buscan el ajuste por peticià ³n laboral Adjuntar una carta oficial del empleador en la que se declara, entre otras cosas, el salario que se paga y en la que confirma que sigue existiendo ese puesto de trabajo para el que se solicita ese trabajador extranjero. La carta debe estar redactada en papel oficial de la empresa. Copia de la carta recibida por USCIS en la que se confirma que la peticià ³n de un trabajador extranjero solicitada mediante el formulario I-140 ha sido aprobada. Si la fecha de prioridad en la categorà ­a a la que pertenece el inmigrante pedido est al corriente entonces es posible enviar el I-140 conjuntamente con la peticià ³n de ajuste de estatus. Asimismo, si la empresa que pide un empleado extranjero es en un cinco por ciento o ms propiedad de la familia del pedido entonces ser necesario completar el formulario I-864, que es una declaracià ³n jurada de sostenimiento. Si la persona para la que se pide el ajuste de estatus est en los Estados Unidos con una visa H-1B o una L-1, enviar prueba de estatus. Finalmente, son necesarias copias de pagos de salario recientes, de  certificados de estudios, cuando son necesarios y de que el Departamento de Trabajo ha aprobado el Certificado Laboral.   Asilados Copia de la carta o del I-94 en el que consta que se le ha concedido esa condicià ³n. Ajuste derivado Para cà ³nyuges e hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os de otra persona que pide el ajuste y ellos tambià ©n pueden pedirlo de forma derivada en virtud de su relacià ³n familiar. Estas personas deben enviar en su peticià ³n las copias de los documentos que prueben la relacià ³n entre el beneficiario principal y el derivado, como certificados de matrimonio, partidas de nacimiento, adopcià ³n, etc. Asimismo, incluir evidencia de que la peticià ³n de ajuste de estatus del beneficiario principal ha sido enviada al USCIS o ha sido aprobada. Ajuste de estatus por el registry Aportar toda la documentacià ³n que sirva para probar el caso y demostrar la presencia en el paà ­s desde el 1 de enero de 1972. Personas que solicitan ajuste por perdà ³n 245 (i) Los migrantes indocumentados que pueden beneficiarse de la medida conocida como 245 (i) deben enviar tambià ©n el formulario que se conoce como I-485 Supplement A. Visas T o Visas U Los migrantes que solicitan el ajuste de estatus porque tienen una visa T por trfico humano o una visa U por haber sido và ­ctima de cierto tipo de violencia deben enviar tambià ©n con su aplicacià ³n el Supplement E del formulario I-485 y toda la documentacià ³n adicional que se pide en dicha planilla. Extranjeros en las categorà ­as de SIJ o inmigrantes militares especiales Deben adjuntar la peticià ³n de esta categorà ­a que, si se concede, har que haya automticamente visas de inmigrantes para ellos. Tambià ©n debern contar con una autorizacià ³n policial (police clearance). Documentacià ³n a enviar dependiendo del caso de cada solicitante Solicitud de permiso de trabajo Si se desea tener uno se debe completar el formulario I-765. No pagar la cuota de este formulario porque ya est incluida en el pago del formulario I-485 para ajuste de estatus. Si inicialmente no se envà ­a la solicitud del permiso de trabajo y ms tarde se cambia de opinià ³n y se decide hacerlo, enviar el formulario sin pago. Pero en este caso se debe incluir una carta que se ha recibido del USCIS donde se confirma que hay un caso abierto de ajuste de estatus. Solicitud de permiso para viajar fuera de Estados Unidos y regresar Es lo que se conoce como advance parole. No es necesario pedirlo, pero puede hacerse. En cuestià ³n de pago de este formulario aplica lo que se ha dicho en el prrafo anterior para el permiso de trabajo. Waiver En algunos casos es necesario presentar tambià ©n el formulario I-601 para pedir un perdà ³n, tambià ©n conocido como permiso. Son casos muy especà ­ficos y esto es un tema delicado que conviene tratar siempre con un abogado. Planilla G-28 Sà ³lo en los casos de contar con un abogado que lleva este caso. El solicitante de ajuste de estatus tambià ©n tiene que firmarla, si es que cuenta con asistencia de letrado o de un representante acreditado. Rà ©cords criminales En el formulario I-485 hay varias preguntas sobre posibles problemas con la ley, incluyendo el contacto con drogas. Y se pregunta especà ­ficamente no sà ³lo por acciones cometidas en los Estados Unidos sino tambià ©n en otros paà ­ses.  Pueden darse los siguientes casos: Primero: rà ©cord totalmente limpio. No se necesita hacer nada. Segundo: arrestado o detenido por cualquier fuerza del orden pero no se han presentado cargos. En estos casos solicitar la declaracià ³n oficial original de la policà ­a que realizà ³ el arresto o de la corte competente en la que se declare que no se presentaron cargos. Tercero: arrestado o detenido cuando se han presentado cargos. En este caso presentar original o copia certificada por corte del arresto y sus consecuencias: desestimacià ³n (dismissal), condena (conviction) o absolucià ³n (acquittal). Cuarto: Condenado o enviado a un centro de rehabilitacià ³n o de servicio comunitario. Se necesita original o copia certificada por corte de la condena y de haberla cumplido o de estar en libertad condicional.   Quinto: Arrestado o condenado pero cuyo arresto o condena ha sido declarado secreto o eliminado del rà ©cord. Se necesita original o copia certificada por corte de tal hecho. Es posible que no se sepa que se tiene una orden de deportacià ³n o de arresto dictada en contra. Si cabe la posibilidad, el mejor consejo es asegurarse de cul es la situacià ³n antes de enviar documentacià ³n al USCIS pidiendo un beneficio migratorio.   En cuanto a las meras infracciones de trfico, no suelen causar problemas, excepto en casos graves o cuando hay un problema de DWI (alcohol o drogas). Si hay problemas por delitos o faltas en el pasado, es el momento de hablar muy seriamente con un abogado. En algunos casos ser imposible obtener una aprobacià ³n del ajuste de estatus y no se sacar la green card. Pero en otros muchos ser posible pedir con à ©xito una waiver (tambià ©n conocido como perdà ³n o permiso). Lo que nunca debe hacerse es mentir porque es una violacià ³n migratoria con graves consecuencias. Y hay que tener en cuenta que el USCIS tiene acceso a bases de datos del FBI sobre todo tipo de delitos y faltas (incluidos los casos sellados o expurgados. No mentir con esto tampoco). Reglas generales Se recomienda adjuntar los originales cuando asà ­ especà ­ficamente se pida, como por ejemplo en los casos de rà ©cords de policà ­a y de las cortes. En los dems casos, es suficiente una copia legible. Mientras se procesan los papeles se puede verificar de varias maneras el estatus del caso. Y siempre  lo mejor es no cambiar de lugar de residencia Pero si es necesario hacerlo, no olvidar el requisito fundamental de notificar ese cambio de domicilio al USCIS. Tomar este quiz - trivial o test, segà ºn el paà ­s - sobre cà ³mo obtener y conservar la tarjeta de residencia. Verificar que se conoce informacià ³n fundamental. Y una vez que se obtenga la tarjeta de residencia, a disfrutarla. Y considerar solicitar la ciudadanà ­a americana por naturalizacià ³n cuando se cumplan los plazos para poder pedirla. Este artà ­culo es meramente informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

I hate my job three signs you need to move on

I hate my job three signs you need to move on Everyone goes into a new job with a sense of optimism. New place, new coworkers, new responsibilities- what’s not to be optimistic about? After that initial buzz, however, you suddenly realize: I hate my job. It’s rarely in your interest to quit on the spot when you have that revelation, so how long should you stay? Let’s look at a couple of different scenarios. When seriously bad things are happeningIf you’ve discovered that there are illegal or harmful things going on at work, or your work is causing you serious physical issues, then you should seriously consider getting out now. It’s a safety issue.When you hate your boss, and your work is starting to sufferIf your work is making you miserable and you just can’t seem to get along with your boss, then it’s time to start thinking hard about your exit strategy. But if you can hold on for a few weeks or months while you start putting out feelers about a new job, then you should delay ha nding in that resignation letter.When you’re bored or mildly unhappyIf your job isn’t challenging you like it should or you have a general diagnosis of Over It-itis, then definitely start thinking about your next steps. Don’t quit just yet. Because this isn’t an emergency, you have some time to do some soul-searching about why you’re unhappy at work and what you can do to fix that. It may be that adjusting your workload or taking on different projects could make you happier and more fulfilled at work.Before you quit, talk with your boss (without issuing any ultimatums) and let him know you’re interested in taking on more opportunities, or changing up your role. If he’s receptive, then give these new responsibilities a try. If he’s not, or you’ve tried out this new regime and you’re still unhappy, then step up your efforts to find another job before you quit this one. Remember that fairly or not, it’s almost always easier to find a job while you already have one.Here’s what you need to consider before you quit, under any of these scenarios:What is my financial situation? Do I have enough savings to cover a potentially months-long job search?Do I have some good potential job leads lined up, or an interim plan (like freelancing or consulting)?Are there any skills I will need to build before I try to get a comparable job (or a step-up job)?Is there anything that I could do or ask of my boss that would make my job bearable again?It’s best to have a plan here; the last thing you want to do is quit your job in a huff, and then realize that you’ve made a mistake. Sometimes leaving is the right thing to do, and quitting can push you to move your career forward. But if you take that step before you’re ready, you could be opening yourself up to a period of stress and career upheaval unnecessarily.

The Worlds 17 Smallest Countries

The World's 17 Smallest Countries The 17 smallest countries in the world each contain less than 200 square miles in area, and if you were to combine them, their total size would be just a bit larger than that of the state of Rhode Island. These independent nations range in size from 108 acres (a good sized shopping mall) to just over 191 square miles. From Vatican City to Palau, these small countries have maintained their independence and established themselves as contributors to the worlds economy, politics, and even human rights initiatives. All but one of these countries are full-fledged members of the United Nations and the one outlier is a nonmember by choice, not by inability. This list includes the worlds tiniest countries, from smallest to largest. Vatican City: 0.2 Square Mile Of these 17 smallest countries in the world, Vatican City- which in fact is the smallest country in the world- is perhaps the most influential in terms of religion: It serves as the spiritual center of the Roman Catholic church and home of the Pope. Vatican City, officially called The Holy See, is located within a walled area of the Italian capital city of Rome. Vatican City has a population of about 800 citizens, none of whom is a native permanent resident. Many more commute into the country for work. Vatican City officially came into existence in 1929 after the Lateran Treaty with Italy. Its government type is ecclesiastical and its chief of state is, actually, the Pope. Vatican City is not a member of the United Nations by its own choice. Monaco: 0.77 Square Mile Monaco, the worlds second smallest country, is located between southeastern France and the Mediterranean Sea. The country has only one official city, Monte Carlo, which is its capital and is famous as being a resort area for some of the worlds richest people. Monaco is also famous due to its location on the French Riviera, its casino (the Monte Carlo Casino), several smaller beaches, and resort communities- all squeezed into less than one square mile. Nauru: 8.5 Square Miles Nauru is a very small island nation located in the South Pacific Ocean in the region of Oceania. Nauru is the worlds smallest island country at an area of just 8.5 square miles. Naurus population is about 11,000 people. The country is known for its prosperous phosphate mining operations in the early 20th century. Nauru became independent from Australia in 1968 and was formerly known as Pleasant Island. Nauru has no official capital city. Tuvalu: 10 Square Miles Six of the nine islands or atolls comprising Tuvalu have lagoons open to the ocean, while two have significant non-beach land regions and one has no lagoons. In addition, none of the islands has any streams or rivers and because they are coral atolls, there is no drinkable ground water. Therefore, all of the water used by Tuvalus people is gathered via catchment systems and is kept in storage facilities. Tuvalu has a population of about 12,000, 96 percent of whom are Polynesian. This small countrys capital is Funafuti, which is also Tuvalus largest city. Its official languages are Tuvaluan and English. San Marino: 24 Square Miles San Marino is landlocked, completely surrounded by Italy. It is located on Mt. Titano in north-central Italy and is home to 32,000 residents. The country claims to be the oldest state in Europe, having been founded in the fourth century. San Marinos topography mainly consists of rugged mountains, and its highest elevation is Monte Titano at 2,477 feet. The lowest point in San Marino is Torrente Ausa at 180 feet. Liechtenstein: 62 Square Miles European Liechtenstein, doubly landlocked between Switzerland and Austria in the Alps, is merely 62 square miles in area. This microstate of about 36,000 is located on the Rhine River and became an independent country in 1806. The country abolished its army in 1868 and remained neutral and undamaged during World War I and World War II. Liechtenstein is a hereditary constitutional monarchy, but the prime minister runs its day-to-day affairs. Marshall Islands: 70 Square Miles The Marshall Islands, the worlds seventh smallest country, consists of 29 coral atolls and five main islands spread out over 750,000 square miles of the Pacific Ocean. The Marshall Islands are located about halfway between Hawaii and Australia. The islands are also near the equator and the International Date Line. This small country with a population 68,000 gained independence in 1986; it was formerly part of the Trust Territory of Pacific Islands, administered by the United States. Saint Kitts and Nevis: 104  Square Miles At 104 square miles (slightly smaller than the city of Fresno, California), Saint Kitts and Nevis is a Caribbean island country of 50,000 residents that gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1983. Of the two primary islands that make up Saint Kitts and Nevis, Nevis is the smaller of the two and is guaranteed the right to secede from the union. Saint Kitts and Nevis, located in the Caribbean Sea between Puerto Rico and Trinidad and Tobago, is the smallest country in the Americas based on its area and population. Seychelles: 107  Square Miles Seychelles is 107 square miles (just smaller than Yuma, Arizona). The 88,000 residents of this Indian Ocean island group have been independent of the United Kingdom since 1976. It is located northeast of Madagascar and about 932 miles east of mainland Africa. Seychelles is an archipelago with over 100 tropical islands and is the smallest country that is considered part of Africa. Seychelles capital and largest city is Victoria. Maldives: 115  Square Miles The Maldives is 115 square miles in area, slightly smaller than the city limits of Little Rock, Arkansas. However, only 200 of the 1000 Indian Ocean islands which make up this country are occupied. The Maldives is home to about 400,000 residents. The Maldives gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1965. Currently, the main concern for the islands is climate change and rising sea levels since the countrys highest point is only 7.8 feet above sea level. Malta: 122  Square Miles Malta, officially called the Republic of Malta, is an island nation located in southern Europe. Malta is one of the worlds smallest and most densely populated countries with a population of over 475,000. The archipelago making up Malta is located in the  Mediterranean Sea  about 58 miles south of the island of Sicily and 55 miles east of  Tunisia. Its capital is Valletta, and the countrys highest point is TaDmerjrek, located on the Dingli Cliffs, which tops out at just 830 feet. Grenada: 133  Square Miles The island nation of Grenada features the volcanic Mount St. Catherine. Nearby, underwater and to the north, lie the playfully named volcanoes  Kick Em Jenny and Kick Em Jack.  Grenada, whose population is about 107,000, has a capital named Saint Georges. After the overthrown and execution of Prime Minister Maurice Bishop in 1983, which led to the installation of a pro-communist government, U.S. forces invaded and captured the island. After U.S. forces withdrew in late 1983, elections were held in 1984 and Grenadas constitution was restored. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: 150  Square Miles St. Vincent is known for its pristine coastline, which provided an authentic colonial backdrop for the filming  of Pirates of the Caribbean.The country is located between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago. Most of the residents of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, whose capital is Kingstown, are Anglican, Methodist, and Roman Catholic. The countrys currency is the Eastern Caribbean dollar, which is fixed to the U.S. dollar. Barbados: 166  Square Miles Barbados is not a sleepy Carribean island. The island nations vibrant culture is expressed in its lively Bajan  festivals,  nightlife, and friendly people. Barbados is located in the easternmost section of the Caribbean islands, in the West Indies north of Venezuela. Its capital is Bridgetown, and its 286,000 residents speak English and are mainly Protestant or Roman Catholic. The countrys currency is officially the Barbadian Dollar, but the U.S. dollar widely accepted. Antigua and Barbuda: 171  Square Miles Antigua and Barbuda, a British Commonwealth, is nicknamed the Land of 365 Beaches and maintains a​  very low crime rate. The country is also located in the  Eastern Caribbean Sea on the boundary with the Atlantic Ocean. Its capital is St. Johns, and its nearly 101,000 residents speak English, the official language, as well as Antiguan Creole. The residents are mainly Anglican, followed by Roman Catholic and other Protestant denominations. Antigua and Barbudas currency is also the Eastern Caribbean dollar. Andorra: 180  Square Miles The independent Principality of Andorra is co-governed by the president of France and Spains Bishop of Urgel. With just over 70,000 people, this mountainous tourist destination tucked in the Pyrenees between France and Spain has been independent since 1278 but serves as a testament to multinationalism celebrated throughout the European Union. Palau: 191 Square Miles Palau is known as a mecca for divers, who say its waters are some of the planets best. This republic is made up of 340 islands, but only nine are inhabited. The country was featured a few years ago on a season of the television show Survivor. Palau has been independent since 1994 and is home to about 21,500 residents, two-thirds of whom live in and around the capital Koror. The country also offers forests, waterfalls,  and beautiful beaches.

Schedule and Cost Control Techniques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Schedule and Cost Control Techniques - Essay Example Project Evaluation and Review Technique or PERT as it is called is a model of project management which is basically designed to analyze and represent various tasks related with the project management. CPM or critical path method is the technique developed by DuPont essentially to address the issue of shutting down the plants and then restarting them. In its essence CPM models the activities and events of a project as a network. (NetMBA, 2008) This therefore provides a graphical overview of the project and the project is seen as a series of visualizations of the various interconnected activities related with the project. A) PERT and CPM both view projects as a group of activities which are complex as well as sequential in nature. However both the models also outline some of the activities which can be performed parallel also. B) Both the methodologies consider a project as a series of events which can be performed in order to achieve the desired goals of the project however what is different between the two approaches is the fact that there remains a high degree of uncertainty regarding the completion of project related activities. PERT though is a good method but lacks a clear path to define the timelines attached to various activities of the project. C) One of the most important and a basic difference between the two approaches is the fact that PERT view the project related activities and time association with them as random variables whereas CPM demands a clear, singe deterministic value for each activity related with the project. Thus in doing so both the techniques, if used for project estimation ad scheduling would view both the activities in different time dimensions. For our proposed project of the new email integration, both the tools can be effectively utilized however what is most important is the fact that given the scope and limitations

Gino's Ice Cream Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Gino's Ice Cream Company - Essay Example ner is very eager to accept this patronage as there have been quality issues in production due to the laid back attitude of long time employees, some of whom are working for past twenty to thirty years. There is also great likelihood of resistance to any change. With such extreme views the management sought advice from a consulting firm that has recommended continuance of present practices but with changes in production patterns from batch to continuous production, closure of loss making ice-cream parlours and some strategic partnership with McBain under Gino brand for targeting a larger market. They have recommended introduction of new products and a change management programme over the next 18 to 24 months. They also advocate further investments for enhancing lean production as well as logistic management for catering to mobile customers. Environments have a great impact on companies. Strategy is the reaction or response to these external and internal situations. Ansoff et al (1976) state that, amongst other things, responsiveness to the problems is what strategy is all about. The aggressive response to competition, the sublime response to the customers, the firm but fair response to the managers and workers are but a few ingredients of strategy. Minzberg et al (1998) offer another concept of strategy which is that it acts as a mediation force between the organization and the environment. Strategy is the internal and inherent capacity of the organization to meet and face challenges posed by the external environment. In an isolated incident, this paradigm has been challenged by Smirchich and Stubbart (1985) who claim that current theories wrongly perceive that environments dictate strategies and that environments themselves are a creation of actions of organisations. But in current thinking organisations are socially constructed systems that share values and meanings (Burrell & Morgan, 1979; Pfeffer, 1981; Weick, 1979), and the mission of the management is to

On-Job Training And E-Learning In The Petrochemical Plants Research Paper

On-Job Training And E-Learning In The Petrochemical Plants - Research Paper Example The researcher states that training has become a need of organizations of today. This has encouraged me to conduct research on one of the most important industries of the economy, Petrochemical industry. The petrochemical industry is critical to the success of any economy and therefore I got interested in analyzing and identifying how businesses in the petrochemical industry train its employees. Technology has influenced businesses and it has changed how businesses train its employees. Therefore I am interested in analyzing and comparing two of the most used training techniques in the petrochemical industry; On-Job Training And E-Learning. This research study aims to analyze the impact of training on the performance of employees in the petrochemical industry. Two important training techniques are analyzed; on-job training and e-learning. The report, therefore, analyzes whether on-job training and e-learning have a positive or a negative impact on the performance of employees in the p etrochemical industry. The report also analyzes which of the two techniques are more effective to enhance the performance of the employees in the petrochemical industry. The petrochemical industry has become highly competitive. It is believed success is dependent on three important factors in this competitive market and these factors are efficiency, quality, and product development. In the petrochemical industry, there are different types of reactants, toxic gas emissions, and other chemicals that have potential for toxic and are flammable. Therefore training of employees is significant in ensuring that health and safety measures are made and employees are safe. Training is helpful in improving the efficiency of the employees as well.

Report on Reward and Motivation within Google Essay

Report on Reward and Motivation within Google - Essay Example In January 2012, Google was named the best place to work in the U.S, by Fortune’s list of the 100 best companies to work for. The reason Fortune picked Google is that â€Å"employees rave about their mission, the culture, and the famous perks of the Plex: bocce courts, a bowling alley, eye brow shaping in the New York office. Then there’s food: some 25 cafes companywide, all free.† All of these factors that Fortune mentioned are a part of Google’s plan to motivate their employees to be more creative, work better as a team, come up with new business ideas and for the employees to generally have a better experience at their workplace. To look at how Google do this, we can link their methods to different models for motivation such as Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory of Motivation. Google has a pleasant work environment for its employees and is using various others non-financial methods of motivation. Its pract ice of offering non-monetary incentives by giving employees such rewards (e.g. greater autonomy, nicer work environment, sense that the organisation is doing good, etc.) will motivate employees unlike financial rewards which are soon forgotten. Surely, most of employees want to have their own space and are ready to work for it. The search giant is famous for its laundry list of perks including free food at any of its cafeterias, a climbing wall, and, well, free laundry. It also provides its workers a place where they can relax or meditate in their free time. In Google’s offices meeting rooms are filled with beanbags rather than hard office chairs, table-tennis tables and PlayStations which may seem trivial at first, but they have become a strong non-monetary motivational incentive. Having unique consumer perks and exceptional leisure areas, it increased innovation through creating a relaxed atmosphere at work that in turn creates very high job loyalty. This distinctive approa ch makes it more flexible to cope with changes in the ever changing labour market. By using non – financial motivation Google separates itself from other companies in the industry. They are making their workplace and work environment attractive to potential new employees, since they are not only offering high salaries, but also a comfortable and different place to work at. These non – financial motivational factors make employees feel like they are not only a part of the company, but also a part of a big creative project. â€Å"Motivation is the degree to which an individual wants and chooses to engage in certain specified behaviour† (Mullins, 2009:471). Abraham Maslow categorized human needs into 5 levels (Lindh et al., 2010). The basic idea is that as one level of need is satisfied, the need to satisfy the level above becomes important. These are 5 levels: physiological needs (food, water, sleep, salary), safety and security (stability, protection), love and b elonging (affection, need for engagement and sharing), self – esteem (self-respect, prestige, status), self – actualization (growth, advancement, creativity). Google Company is famous for their work environment. So, what so special in Google and can we say that Google covers all 5 stages in Maslow’s Hierarchy? Maslow’